If you're looking to buy a home, you've probably been paying close attention to mortgage rates. Over the last couple of years, they hit record lows, rose dramatically, and are now dropping back down a bit.

Ever wonder why?

The answer is complicated because there's a lot that can influence mortgage rates. Here are just a few of the most impactful factors at play.

Inflation and the Federal Reserve

The Federal Reserve (Fed) doesn't directly determine mortgage rates. But the Fed does move the Federal Funds Rate up or down in response to what's happening with inflation, the economy, employment rates, and more. As that happens, mortgage rates tend to respond. Business Insider explains:

There's even talk the Fed may actually cut the Fed Funds Rate this year because inflation is cooling, even though it's not yet back to their ideal target.

The 10-Year Treasury Yield

Additionally, mortgage companies look at the 10-Year Treasury Yield to decide how much interest to charge on home loans. If the yield goes up, mortgage rates usually go up, too. The opposite is also true. According to Investopedia:

"One frequently used government bond benchmark to which mortgage lenders often peg their interest rates is the 10-year Treasury bond yield."

Historically, the spread between the 10-Year Treasury Yield and the 30-year fixed mortgage rate has been fairly consistent, but that's not the case recently. That means, there's room for mortgage rates to come down. So, keeping an eye on which way the treasury yield is trending can give experts an idea of where mortgage rates may head next.

Experts in the industry will be keeping a close watch to see what they decide and what impact it'll have on the economy. To navigate any mortgage rate changes and their impact on your moving plans, it's best to have a team of professionals on your side.